1. The scope and ambit of power and jurisdiction of this Court under Article 142(1) of the Constitution of India;
2. Depending upon the findings of this bench on the first question, whether this Court, while hearing a transfer petition, or in any other proceedings, can exercise power under Article 142(1) of the Constitution of India, in view of the settlement between the parties, and grant a decree of divorce by mutual consent dispensing with the period and the procedure prescribed under Section 13-B of the Hindu Marriage Act, and also quash and dispose of other/connected proceedings under the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005, Section 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973, or criminal prosecution primarily under Section 498-A and other provisions of the Penal Code, 1860. If the answer to this question is in the affirmative, in which cases and under what circumstances should this Court exercise jurisdiction under Article 142(1) of the Constitution of India is an ancillary issue to be decided; and
3. Whether this Court can grant divorce in exercise of power under Article 142(1) of the Constitution of India when there is complete and irretrievable breakdown of marriage in spite of the other spouse opposing the prayer.

This court held that learned single judge wrongly applied Saumya Chaurasia v. Directorate of Enforcement (2024) 6 SCC 401 wherein court observed that category of persons added in section 45 (1) proviso should be dealt more sympathetically reason being such persons are likely to be more vulnerable and may sometimes be misused for committing such crimes.

Considering the finding of Saumya Chaurasia (supra) this court observed in present case in para 27 that finding of the said case does not mean that section 45(1) proviso only includes “vulnerable women”. Moreover only because women is highly educated that does not mean she is not entitled to the benefit under section 45(1) proviso.

In Har Naraini Devi and Another vs. Union of India and Others, an order of the division bench was assailed by filing an appeal before the apex court on the ground that section 50 of Delhi Land Reforms, 1954 (hereinafter referred as DLR Act) being ultra vires to Article 14, 15, 21 & 254 of the Constitution. The significant issue in the present case was controversy regarding the applicability of the Delhi Land Reform Act, 1954 and the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 on any inheritance that accrued before the amendment of Hindu Succession in 2005.

“Whether Section 50 of the DLR Act has been repealed by the Amendment Act inasmuch as by omitting Section 4(2) of the HSA, 1956, it has removed the immunity that the DLR Act had with respect to the laws of succession in respect of agricultural land? Also, if that be the case, do the petitioners, being female, now have the right to succeed to the disputed agricultural land?”

Whether it was a custodial death?

Whether the state is liable to pay compensation? Or Whether state can pass an order of compensation under writ jurisdiction?

The present case concerns part XIV-A of the constitution the said part was appended with 42nd amendment of the Constitution in 1976. It includes two provisions 323A & 323B which confers power on the legislature to ordain any law concerning the establishment administrative tribunals and other tribunals, moreover to specify the power and procedure to be adopted by such tribunal for adjudication of any dispute referred to such tribunals.